McGregor's XY Theory remains central to organisational development, and to improving organisational culture. . It reduces the working hours of employees and thus reduces pressure. Maslow's hierarchy of needs. While money may not be the most effective way to self-fulfillment, it may be the only way available. "Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory." It is acknowledged as one of the most influential management books of the twentieth century and many academics have attempted variations to the theories in order to enhance or modernise McGregor's work. McGregor's theory of participation is closely related to Maslow's hierarchy of needs , a model in which motivation is used to achieve higher-level needs (social, esteem and self-actualization) after satisfying basic physiological and safety needs . Business Studies. 1. a system that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times as long as they are at work during a specified core time. Herzberg's motivational factors. B. a Theory Y manager according to McGregor. 4. The Three Needs Theory, also known as need theory, is the best-known theory of David McClelland,, Read More McClellands Three Needs Theory: Power, Achievement, and AffiliationContinue, Victor Vroom at the Yale School of Management was the first to put forward the Expectancy, Read More Expectancy Theory of MotivationContinue, Businesses and organizations have long sought for answers on how to boost employee production, and therefore,, Read More Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory: Two-factorContinue. Identify what the employee lacks and their working style to employ the right theory that will motivate them in the right direction. Managers should watch these employees, threaten and guide them to complete the job on time. McClellands Three Needs Theory: Power, Achievement, and Affiliation, Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory: Two-factor, Instructional Design Certificate (Fully Online), ADDIE Instructional Design Certificate Program (Fully Online), Instructional Design Models Certificate (Fully Online), Model of Motivation: ARCS Instructional Design. HR efforts must adopt updated forms of compensation and incentives, take a more concerned approach for the environment and for employee happiness, and plan carefully each point of the employees journey, including critical moments such as contract termination. Douglas McGregor work is established in motivation theory. Theory Z is often referred to as the 'Japanese' management style, which is essentially what it is. Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. This theory creates a negative environment that instills fear, underconfidence, and insecurity. 1. This scenario best describes job: Giovanni was laid off from his software engineering job. Students are not motivated to learn new information. Douglas McGregor's conceptualization of Theory X and Theory Y has influenced management practices for almost six decades, despite the relative paucity of empirical support. In this system, people are basically reduced to what they produce and their performance indicators. Douglas McGregor, one of Maslow 's students, influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature Theory X and Theory Y. This theory contradicts Theory X; in this approach, managers believe that control does not motivate employees. McGregor showedat a time when labor-management relations were becoming more adversarialthat there was another way to view workers and leadership. C. a Theory Z manager according to Ouchi. And for the first 12 weeks after signing up, you'll receive each week a new step toward happiness at work with actions and experiments you can take to the office right away. 2. 4. The Theory X and Theory Y created by Douglas McGregor in 1950s and developed later in the 1960s. A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated with: A. Frederick Taylor. Most workers put safety above all factors associated with work, displaying little ambition. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to:A. the traditional view of management. ________ involves changing behavior and encouraging appropriate actions by relating the consequences of behavior to the behavior itself. 2. increase in productivity regardless of physical conditions C)Herzberg's hygiene factors. 4. workers are not capable of self-control. Employees must be present from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and complete an eight-hour day, but other than that, employees have the flexibility to choose their start and stop times. 2. Student motivation is correlated with learning. 1. Very helpful information it would be great to learn more. 5. a system that allows employees to choose to work part of a week from home. Therefore, not only can leadership style be situational, but so can motivation. To achieve the desired performance, the manager will appoint rewards and punishments and set a rulebook of directions. Herzberg's hygiene factors. 1. 2. self-actualization needs 5. reduces the total number of hours that employees work. 26. option C is correct. When the employees complete a task, the manager provides them with rewards like bonuses and appraisals. This led them to use rewards and punishment as their primary means to motivate employees. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you Why should any one be controlled unless an employer knows one has a mental illness issue and thus feel the need to control ones actions???? professional specifically for you? Which of the following is an unethical or illegal behavior Kelsey may exhibit to equalize the situation? As part of this theory, managers must be able to motivate employees. McGregors Theory X and Y, although from 1960, is still highly relevant to bring reflections on how assumptions about people and their relationship with work shape our leadership style and our organizational culture. Using either theory is an extreme style of management. 4. the traditional view of management. Douglas McGregor (1957) developed a philosophical view of humankind with his Theory X and Theory Y two opposing perceptions about how people view human behavior at work and organizational life. It increases fixed costs for companies. B. the humanistic view of management. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. After employing a particular theory, monitor its performance. McGregor's Theory X perspective. 2. her subordinates avoid responsibilities. Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book 'The Human Side Of Enterprise'. Abraham Maslow on the other hand developed the hierarchy of needs of a human being. They led to companies providing better physical work Identify which of McGregor's Theory X or Theory Y corresponds with the following statement: 1. 2. salary It is the managers responsibility to identify team members requirements and select the right management style. Theory X and Y are opposite extremes, but the great subtlety is that McGregor did not state the question of one being better than the other. Although new theories and practices have emerged regarding the theme, the foundations and principles of motivation are from a long time ago. 2. serves customers better by allowing more coverage of customers over longer hours. Esperanza oversees the production line at a car manufacturer. 5. Most human beings are not very fond of working and will avoid completing a task. 5. It has been discovered that the intrinsic feedback given in the classroom setting has the greatest effect on motivation and learning. Employees demand high centralization and control from their managers. Jobs are more satisfying when employees are offered flextime. Since every employee is unique, following generic Theory X or Theory Y will not work. 5. flextime. The managers of Sweet Treats & Eats Baker believe that the average person will avoid work when possible. According to Herzberg's theory, which of the following is a Theory Y We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website and provide a relevant marketing for you. 2. A flexible scheduling strategy, A compressed workweek is most likely to: 3. the equity theory. Maslows theory uses a pyramid to describe the different types of needs that need to be met. The test is a simple reflective tool, not a scientifically validated instrument; it's a learning aid and broad indicator. 1. Maslow indicated that when a need is not satisfied, then it needs motivation. Sign up now and learn more about new practices and games, awesome workshops and activities, all dedicated to increasing employee engagement. How to apply Theory X and Y in the workplace. Aliyah is likely to assume that: People will be self-directed and creative to meet their work and organizational objectives if they are committed to them. The average person prefers to be directed; avoid responsibility; is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else. O. C. Ferrell. These do not require any motivation to work. Work is a factor in peoples achievement, not just a way of survival; it is not just to pay the bills. Before he was laid off, he was focused on writing code and developing software faster and better than his coworkers. 4. physiological needs Why are some managers reluctant to offer telecommuting options to their employees? 3. the average worker has little ambition. Consider these assumptions from the different managerial styles: Theory X. May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. Turn your workplace into a happy workplace! The Theory X management style is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes the following: The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. Nathaniel Hawthorne. 4. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. He instills fear among employees by threatening to cancel bonuses if deadlines are not met. Required fields are marked *. Since quantitative metrics are not a focus in this theory, it becomes hard to measure employee growth and success. Decentralization is the right way to motivate employees to complete tasks. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by Douglas McGregor,a management professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1950s and 1960s. Employees prefer making decisions themselves and also solving problems creatively. After identifying the issue, analyze the employees needs and wants. People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organisational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment. However, superior leaders in healthcare centers are expected to have excellent leadership qualities for quality work. William Ouchi. IvyPanda. It increases the workload for employees who take the option. The financial incentive does not motivate all employees. Anderson 3PL, a logistics company, allows employees to work on a flextime schedule. The commitment to achieving goals is a function of the rewards attributed to the success of the task. 4. working condition 5. IvyPanda, 11 May 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. 5. job sharing, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. Facilitator Andr Cruz digs into it. 4. This book describes the development of two new theories X and Y. Which management theory does Freedom Clothing follow? 4. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. are not intrinsically motivated. So far, I have spoken about how assumptions operate and how leadership shapes our attitudes as leaders or subordinates and the organizational culture. He subscribes to Theory X. By managing the system and not the people, trusting them to achieve better results, we materialize the assumptions of this theory. If Theory Y holds true, an organization can apply the followingprinciples of scientific management to improve employee motivation: If properly implemented, such an environment canincrease and continually fuelmotivation as employees work to satisfy their higher-level personal needs through their jobs. 2. 5. 5. the average worker prefers to be directed. 2. An authoritative management style can hamper employee learning, building, and development. His major writings are cited along with two volumes which were actually published several years after his death by Bennis, Caroline McGregor, and Schein. Theory Y does no better than Theory X. What is the rationale behind job enlargement strategies? According to McGregor, managers adopting Theory X assume that workers generally dislike work and must be forced to do their jobs. McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor created Theory X and Theory Y of human work motivation and explained two styles of management known as authoritarian (Theory X) and participative (Theory Y). Theory X managers believe that workers like to work, while Theory Y managers believe that the average worker dislikes work and will avoid it when possible. Please note that Theory Z is not a Mcgregor idea and as such is not Mcgregor's extension of his XY theory. A need Maslow's hierarchy of needs 5. 5. 5. 3. . McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. But what does it mean in practice? Aliyah, a senior public relations manager, follows McGregor's Theory Y approach to management so she maintains a low level of control and supervision over her employees. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business Malachi is a manager at a home goods store. Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. The option by managing the system and not the people, trusting them to complete the on... 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